![]() ![]() ![]() by Dell Hymes (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1971), 509–23 Beatriz Lavandera, s.v. Hancock, “A Survey of the Pidgins and Creoles of the World,” in Pidginization and Creolization of Languages, ed. Entwistle, The Spanish Language (2nd ed., London: Faber and Faber, 1969), 274–75 María Beatriz Fontanella de Weinberg, “Algunos aspectos de la asimilación lingüística de la población inmigratoria en la Argentina,” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 18 (1974):5–36 Rudolf Grossmann, Mitteilungen und Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiet der Romanischen Philologie (Hamburg: Seminar für Romanische Sprachen und Kultur, 1926), especially chaps, 4 and 6 Ian F. For a thorough survey of linguistic studies of Cocoliche, see these works: Renata Donghi de Halperín, “Contribución al estudio del italianismo en la la República Argentina,” Cuaderno of the Instituto de Filología 1 (1925):183–98 also her article “Los italianos y la lengua de los argentinos,” Quaderni Ibero-Americani 3 (1958):446–49 William J. Ian Hancock included it in his world map and list of pidgin and creole languages. Keith Whinnom writes of it as an example of secondary hybridization. For example, Giovanni Meo Zilio, the foremost scholar of Cocoliche, has described it extensively as a language of transition. ![]() This chapter, taking the Matanza-Riachuelo River (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) as an example, introduces an exemplary case of how applied research projects from the Academia could serve as inspirational drivers of different ecological rehabilitation actions.42. There are examples of the involvement of institutions and of civil society to reverse such negative impacts, with different degrees of success. Reduced infiltration can lower riparian groundwater levels and have dramatic effects on ecological processes. are engineered, replacing natural features with concrete structures. In Latin America, these landscapes have frequently been severely transformed and polluted, with severe changes in their ecosystem functions. The collection thus contributes to rethinking race for other global contexts as well.Īs a form of urban green, riverscapes are attractive places not only due to the presence of water, as one of the most important aesthetic elements of the landscape, but also due to the many native plants and animals occupying the shore. The essays also situate Argentina within the well-established literature on race, nation, and whiteness in world regions beyond Latin America (particularly, other European 'settler societies'). Their essays collectively destabilize widespread certainties about Argentina, showing that whiteness in that country has more in common with practices and ideologies of Mestizaje and 'racial democracy' elsewhere in the region than has typically been acknowledged. The contributors, based both in North America and Argentina, hail from the fields of history, anthropology, and literary and cultural studies. This book reconsiders the relationship between race and nation in Argentina during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and places Argentina firmly in dialog with the literature on race and nation in Latin America, from where it has long been excluded or marginalized for being a white, European exception in a mixed-race region. Semantic explications are supported with discursive evidence from common sayings, fixed expressions, news articles, tango lyrics and tweets. Finally, I use the Natural Semantic Metalanguage approach to capture and explore the keywords’ meanings in simple, cross-translatable terms. I claim that, besides issues of ethnocentric framing and circularity, viveza is not sufficiently described as an expression of local culture and sociality, and neither vivo nor boludo are appropriately captured as social categories. Then, I study how the three words have been defined in a varied sample of monolingual and bilingual dictionaries. ![]() In this paper, I first look at the historical context that saw the emergence of viveza criolla in Buenos Aires, pointing out its link to local criollo culture. However, these translations fail to capture the exact meanings and implied logic that guide Porteños-the residents of Buenos Aires-when they use these words. They have been loosely translated as “native wit and cunning”, “clever, vivacious” and “moron”, respectively. Viveza criolla, vivo and boludo are three interrelated cultural keywords in Porteño Spanish, the variety of Spanish spoken in Buenos Aires, Argentina. ![]()
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